![]() ![]() Worse yet, in some cases cirrhosis of the liver can result in liver cancer. Hepatitis C is spread through contact with blood from an infected person. For some patients, by the time they seek the help of a doctor, they are already in the last stages of cirrhosis. Because of this, those infected with hepatitis C rarely know they have it and thus it is often ignored until it has developed into chronic hepatitis.įrom there, the disease continues to develop until it reaches the cirrhosis stage, which may take 10–30 years. Viral hepatitis is caused by five distinct viruses (hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E), which have different routes of transmission and varying courses of disease (table 16.1). The patient may experience symptoms that are shared with many other common illnesses, such as being easily tired, feelings of weakness, exhaustion or confusion. About 10 of people with HCV infection have no recognized. HCV can be transmitted to the infant in utero or during the peripartum period PHE, 2018a PHE, 2018b. Symptoms during this stage are not severe and generally tend to come and go. The hepatitis C virus is a bloodborne virus and most infection occur through exposure to blood from unsafe injection practices, unsafe health care, unscreened blood transfusions, injection drug use and sexual practices that lead to exposure to blood. Vertical transmission of HCV from mother to baby generally occurs at a low rate (48), but higher rates (10.825) are seen if the mother is co-infected with HIV WHO, 2018. Once a person is first infected by hepatitis, they will develop the initial stage of the disease which is known as acute hepatitis. When the hepatitis C virus enters the body, there is an incubation period of 6–8 weeks during which the virus penetrates liver cells and begins to reproduce. According to the Global Health Estimates, deaths from acute and chronic hepatitis in 2012 were the tenth leading cause of death and the sixteenth leading cause of disability. They only find out once they undergo a physical examination leading to abnormal liver function being detected while blood tests reveal the infection. Viral hepatitis is caused by five distinct viruses (hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E), which have different routes of transmission and varying courses of disease (table 16.1). Generally speaking, patients infected with the hepatitis C virus are unaware that the infection even exists in their body. ![]()
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